Land Use Change and Ecosystem Health Assessment on Shanghai–Hangzhou Bay, Eastern China

Reasonable quantitative assessment on urban ecosystem health is conducive to the sustainable development of economy and human society. This paper quantitatively evaluated impact land use change services by building a comprehensive evaluation system (vigor–organization–resilience–ecosystem services), then analyzed spatial-temporal pattern, evolution characteristics, driving factors in Shanghai–Hangzhou Bay area (SHB) over 2000–2015 period. The results show that: cropland forest accounted for more than 65% was mainly converted into built-up past 15 years. overall ESV showed trend first increasing decreasing. Forest largest proportion total ESV, 60% each year. value SBH decreased from 2000 2015. At city scale, significantly deteriorated. All cities reached lowest districts/counties number with relatively well or level 32 20 2015 24.64% area. Overall, inland regions had better situation coastal areas. rapid urbanization population were decline health. indicator integrating vigor, organization, resilience, service potential method which could provide way evaluating ecological environmental effects future.